In Mythology
Worship
Cheukshin was believed to appear as a young virgin with 150-centimeter-long hair. The goddess, infuriated at her exile to the outhouse by the supreme deity Cheonjiwang and kitchen goddess Jowangshin, was said to spend time by counting all her hair.
The goddess was believed to appear in the three lunar days containing the number 6; Koreans avoided the outhouse in these three days in order not to accidentally provoke the rage of Cheukshin. Thus, Koreans held Jesas, or rituals, to her in the sixth, sixteenth, and twenty-sixth days in the lunar calendar, or when a shoe or a child fell in the pit toilet. Jesas were also done for her when a pig contracted disease and died, when a prophecy warned of the anger of the goddess, or when the outhouse was built in the construction of the house.
In the Jesas dedicated to Cheukshin, Koreans put all ingredients possible inside a Tteok, which was called the Ttongtteok, meaning 'dung rice cake'. The Ttongtteok was then served to the goddess. Nonglutinous rice was also served.
She was regarded to be the most dangeous of the Gashin; she was believed to despise children (possibly because of her downfall by the child Nokdisaengin; see below) and topple them into the pit toilet. When children fell in the pit, it was believed that they would die before reaching maturity unless a Jesa was done to appease the goddess.
If anyone waiting outside the outhouse entered the outhouse without coughing three times, Cheukshin was believed to use her 150-centimeter-long hair to attack the intruder.[1] When the hair of Cheukshin touched the skin of the intruder, the intruder grew sick and died. Even a mudang, or shaman, could not appease the goddess if she attacked a person with her hair.
She was also believed to be the deity of legal punishment, following the orders of the house deity Seongjushin.[2]
No Guts, or shamanistic rituals, were held to dedicate Cheukshin, unlike the many Guts and Bonpulis (biographies of deities) dedicated to other Gashin. This was because it was believed that Cheukshin was an evil and malevolent deity, unlike the other Gashin.
Because of the conflict of Jowangshin and Cheukshin (see Munjeon Bonpuli, in Korea it was taboo to bring anything from the outhouse into the kitchen, and vice versa...OP+
Other names
- Cheukganshin (측간신)
- Byeonso Gwishin (변소 귀신)
- Dwitgan Gwishin (뒷간 귀신)
- Buchul Gaxi (부출 각시)
- Chikdo Buin (칙도 부인)
- Cheukdo Buin (측도 부인)
- Cheukshin Gaxi (측신 각시)
- Chigwi (치귀)
- Jeongnan Gwishin (정난 귀신)
화장실은 변소 ·뒷간 ·측간이라고도 한다. 그밖에 예전에는 서각(西閣) ·정방(淨房) ·측실(廁室) ·측청(廁圊) ·혼측(溷廁) ·회치장(灰治粧) ·시뢰(豕牢) 등이 있다.
BC 2400∼BC 2100년의 유적으로 보여지는 고대 바빌로니아의 주거지(住居址)에서 이미 햇볕에 말린 벽돌을 쌓고 역청(瀝靑)으로 마무리한 걸터앉는 방식의 수세식 화장실이 확인되었다. 고대 이집트의 각 도시에서는 실내화장실이 채용되었다고 하며, 크레타섬에서는 크노소스 궁전의 수세식 화장실이 발굴되었다. 그리스에서는 배수시설이 불완전하여 오물을 도로에 버려 뒷골목이 불결하였던 것 같다.
로마 시대에는 상 ·하수도가 발달하여 폼페이나 팀가드의 유적에서 볼 수 있는 것 같이 납관[鉛管]에 의한 각호급수(各戶給水)와 사용 후의 물을 이용하여 화장실을 수세식으로 하였으며, 암거(暗渠)에 의한 하수도를 이용하여 강이나 바다에 방류하는 방식도 도시의 일부에서는 채용되었다.
중세가 되자 로마식 화장실은 없어지고 다시 원시적인 농경생활식 화장실로 되돌아갔고 오물은 정원 구석이나 도로에 버렸다.
중세나 르네상스의 주택은 말할 것도 없고, 호사의 극을 다한 베르사유궁전에서도 화장실 ·세면소 등의 고정시설은 설치되지 않았다. 그 때문에 콜레라나 페스트가 거듭 발생하였다. 수세(水勢)에 의하여 오물을 흘리는 방식으로 된 화장실은 겨우 1596년에 영국의 하링튼경(卿)에 의해 발명되었다. 이것은 구조상 냄새가 역류(逆流)하는 등 문제가 있었으며, 1775년에 런던의 시계 장인에 의하여 개량되면서부터는 수세식 화장실이 보급되기에 이르러 템스강(江)이 몹시 오염되었다고 한다.
[네이버 지식백과] 화장실 [toilet, 化粧室] (두산백과)
Cheukshin was believed to appear as a young virgin with 150-centimeter-long hair. The goddess, infuriated at her exile to the outhouse by the supreme deity Cheonjiwang and kitchen goddess Jowangshin, was said to spend time by counting all her hair.
The goddess was believed to appear in the three lunar days containing the number 6; Koreans avoided the outhouse in these three days in order not to accidentally provoke the rage of Cheukshin.
The goddess was believed to appear in the three lunar days containing the number 6; Koreans avoided the outhouse in these three days in order not to accidentally provoke the rage of Cheukshin.
Thus, Koreans held Jesas, or rituals, to her in the sixth, sixteenth, and twenty-sixth days in the lunar calendar, or when a shoe or a child fell in the pit toilet. Jesas were also done for her when a pig contracted disease and died, when a prophecy warned of the anger of the goddess, or when the outhouse was built in the construction of the house.
In the Jesas dedicated to Cheukshin, Koreans put all ingredients possible inside a Tteok, which was called the Ttongtteok, meaning 'dung rice cake'. The Ttongtteok was then served to the goddess. Nonglutinous rice was also served.She was regarded to be the most dangeous of the Gashin; she was believed to despise children (possibly because of her downfall by the child Nokdisaengin; see below) and topple them into the pit toilet. When children fell in the pit, it was believed that they would die before reaching maturity unless a Jesa was done to appease the goddess.
If anyone waiting outside the outhouse entered the outhouse without coughing three times, Cheukshin was believed to use her 150-centimeter-long hair to attack the intruder.When the hair of Cheukshin touched the skin of the intruder, the intruder grew sick and died. Even a mudang, or shaman, could not appease the goddess if she attacked a person with her hair.
She was believed to embody a strip of cloth or white paper on the outhouse ceiling.She was also believed to be the deity of legal punishment, following the orders of the house deity Seongjushin.No Guts, or shamanistic rituals, were held to dedicate Cheukshin, unlike the many Guts and Bonpulis (biographies of deities) dedicated to other Gashin. This was because it was believed that Cheukshin was an evil and malevolent deity, unlike the other Gashin.Because of the conflict of Jowangshin and Cheukshin (see Munjeon Bonpuli, in Korea it was taboo to bring anything from the outhouse into the kitchen, and vice versa...OP+
In the Jesas dedicated to Cheukshin, Koreans put all ingredients possible inside a Tteok, which was called the Ttongtteok, meaning 'dung rice cake'. The Ttongtteok was then served to the goddess. Nonglutinous rice was also served.She was regarded to be the most dangeous of the Gashin; she was believed to despise children (possibly because of her downfall by the child Nokdisaengin; see below) and topple them into the pit toilet. When children fell in the pit, it was believed that they would die before reaching maturity unless a Jesa was done to appease the goddess.
If anyone waiting outside the outhouse entered the outhouse without coughing three times, Cheukshin was believed to use her 150-centimeter-long hair to attack the intruder.When the hair of Cheukshin touched the skin of the intruder, the intruder grew sick and died. Even a mudang, or shaman, could not appease the goddess if she attacked a person with her hair.
She was believed to embody a strip of cloth or white paper on the outhouse ceiling.She was also believed to be the deity of legal punishment, following the orders of the house deity Seongjushin.No Guts, or shamanistic rituals, were held to dedicate Cheukshin, unlike the many Guts and Bonpulis (biographies of deities) dedicated to other Gashin. This was because it was believed that Cheukshin was an evil and malevolent deity, unlike the other Gashin.Because of the conflict of Jowangshin and Cheukshin (see Munjeon Bonpuli, in Korea it was taboo to bring anything from the outhouse into the kitchen, and vice versa...OP+
